LNG vs CNG: He alakaʻi piha i nā koho wahie kinoea

Hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻokoʻa, nā noi, a me ka wā e hiki mai ana o LNG a me CNG i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana ikehu

ʻO wai ka maikaʻi o LNG a i ʻole CNG?

"ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi" ma muli o ka noi i hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), he wai ma -162°C, he mana kiʻekiʻe loa ia, e kūpono ana ia no nā kaʻa lawe kaʻa lōʻihi, nā moku, a me nā kaʻaahi. pono e loaʻa ka mamao loa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kaʻa kaʻa mamao pōkole e like me nā kaʻa kaʻa, nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi no ke kinoea kūlohelohe compressed (CNG), hiki ke mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano he kinoea ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka ikehu. ʻO ke koho e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaulike kūpono ma waena o ke komo ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana a me nā pono ākea.

He aha nā kaʻa e holo ma CNG?

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano wahie i nā kaʻa i hoʻolālā ʻia a i hoʻololi ʻia paha e holo ma luna o ke kinoea kūlohelohe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (CNG). ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau no CNG nā ʻauwaʻa kūlanakauhale, nā kaʻa kaʻa, nā kaʻa lawe ʻōpala, a me nā kaʻa lehulehu o ke kūlanakauhale (nā kaʻa). Hāʻawi ʻia nā kaʻa CNG i hana ʻia e ka hale hana no nā kaʻa he nui no nā poʻe holo, e like me nā mana kikoʻī o ka Honda Civic a i ʻole Toyota Camry. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā pahu hoʻololi e hoʻohou i nā kaʻa he nui me nā mīkini ʻaila e holo ma ke ʻano ʻelua-fuel (gasoline/CNG), e hāʻawi ana i ka maʻalahi a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumukūʻai.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka LNG i nā kaʻa?

ʻOiai hiki i ke kumumanaʻo, he mea maʻamau a hiki ʻole i nā kaʻa maʻamau. I mea e paʻa ai ke ʻano wai -162°C, pono ka LNG i nā pahu mālama mālama cryogenic paʻakikī. Nui kēia mau ʻōnaehana, pipiʻi, a ʻaʻole kūpono i nā wahi liʻiliʻi o loko o nā kaʻa huakaʻi liʻiliʻi. I kēia mau lā, ʻo nā kaʻa kaʻa ikaika a lōʻihi a me nā kaʻa ʻoihana nui ʻē aʻe me kahi ākea no nā pahu kaʻa nui a me ka hiki ke loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi mai ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o LNG ʻo ia wale nō nā kaʻa e hoʻohana ana ia mea.

He aha nā hemahema o CNG ma ke ʻano he wahie?

ʻO nā hemahema nui o CNG, ʻo ia ka palena palena no ka hoʻokele kaʻa ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka diesel a i ʻole ka ʻaila a me kāna ʻōnaehana palena o nā hale hoʻopihapiha, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā ʻāina ulu. No ka mea he nui a kaumaha nā pahu CNG, lawe pinepine lākou i kahi nui no ka ukana, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā kaʻa no nā mea holo. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kaʻa e kūʻai a hoʻololi paha i ka wā mua. Hoʻohui hou, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hoʻopiha piha ʻana ma mua o nā wahie wai, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana ma mua o nā ʻenekini like i hoʻohana ʻia e ka ʻaila.

ʻEhia mau hale hoʻopihapiha CNG ma Nigeria?

Ke kūkulu ʻia nei ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe wahie CNG o Nigeria mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2024. Hōʻike nā hōʻike hou mai ka ʻoihana he ʻelua wale nō mau kikowaena CNG lehulehu e hana ana me nā kuhi mai 10 a 20 mau kikowaena. Aia ka hapa nui o kēia ma nā kūlanakauhale nui e like me Lagos a me Abuja. Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, e piʻi koke ana kēia helu ma muli o ka “Gas Development Project” a ke aupuni, e kākoʻo ana i ke kinoea maoli ma ke ʻano he kumu kūʻai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka pili o ke kaiapuni no ka lawe ʻana.

He aha ke ola o kahi pahu CNG?

He paʻakikī ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahu CNG, kahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka lā o ka hoʻohana ʻana mai ka manawa o ka hana ʻana ma mua o nā makahiki. ʻO ka nui o nā kūlana aupuni a me ka honua e koi ana i nā pahu CNG, inā i hana ʻia me ka mea synthetic a i ʻole ke kila, he 15-20 mau makahiki hoʻohana. ʻaʻohe mea o ke kūlana maopopo, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pahu ma hope o kekahi manawa e hōʻoia i ka palekana. Ma ke ʻano o nā hoʻolālā hoʻoponopono maʻamau, pono e nānā mau nā pahu i ko lākou maikaʻi e ka nānā ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hoʻāʻo paʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa.

ʻO wai ka maikaʻi, LPG a i ʻole CNG?

ʻO nā CNG a i ʻole LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) he mau wahie me nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka LPG (propane/butane), ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o ka ea a hiki ke kūkulu ʻia, ʻo CNG, ʻo ia ka methane, ʻoi aku ka lahilahi ma mua o ka ea a hemo koke ke wāwahi. No ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka puhi ʻana o CNG, waiho ʻia nā waihona liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻāpana ʻenekini. ʻO ka LPG, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua ʻoi aku ka paʻa a me ka hoʻonui i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha honua, kahi ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikehu, a me kahi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia koho e ke kumukūʻai o ka wahie ma kēia ʻāina, ka nui o nā kaʻa, a me ka ʻōnaehana kākoʻo i kēia manawa.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o LNG a me CNG?

ʻO ko lākou kūlana kino a me nā ala o ka mālama ʻana i loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa nui. ʻO ke kinoea kūlohelohe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a i ʻole CNG, noho mau i ke kūlana o ke kinoea ma nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe (maʻa mau 200-250 bar). ʻO LNG, a i ʻole kinoea kūlohelohe, he kinoea i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kinoea maoli i -162 ° C, e hoʻololi iā ia i wai a hoʻemi i ka nui o ka nui o ia mea ma kahi o 600 mau manawa. Ma muli o kēia, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikehu o ka LNG ma mua o ka CNG, kahi kūpono no ka halihali lōʻihi kahi mea nui o ka hoʻomanawanui. Eia nō naʻe, pono ia i nā lako mālama mālama cryogenic pipiʻi.

He aha ke kumu o ka pahu LNG?

ʻO kahi mea mālama mālama cryogenic kūikawā he pahu LNG. ʻO ka pahuhopu mua, ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kinoea boil-off (BOG) ma o ka mālama ʻana i ka LNG i kona kūlana wai ma kahi wela haʻahaʻa kokoke i -162°C. ʻO kēia mau pahu he hoʻolālā paʻakikī paʻakikī ʻelua me ka insulation hana kiʻekiʻe ma waena o nā paia a me ka ʻōpala i loko. Hiki ke mālama a hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka LNG ma kahi lōʻihi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa, nā moku, a me nā wahi paʻa o ka waiho ʻana me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pōʻino ma muli o kēia hoʻolālā.

He aha ke kikowaena CNG?

ʻO kahi wahi kūikawā e hāʻawi ai i ka wahie no nā kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia e CNG i kapa ʻia he kikowaena CNG. Lawe ʻia ke kinoea kūlohelohe iā ia ma ke kaomi haʻahaʻa e kona ʻōnaehana halihali pili. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia kēia kinoea, hoʻoluʻu, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻano he nui me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoikaika ikaika e hoʻokō i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe loa (ma waena o 200 a me 250 bar). Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu hoʻopaʻa me nā wailele e hoʻopaʻa i ke kinoea kiʻekiʻe loa. i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana me ka wahie, akā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kinoea kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopuka ʻia ke kinoea mai kēia mau waihona waihona i loko o ka pahu CNG o ke kaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi dispenser kūikawā.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o LNG a me ke kinoea maʻamau?

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka wahie ma ke ʻano he kinoea "maʻamau". ʻO ka methane kinoea wai wai, a i ʻole LNG, he kinoea kūlohelohe maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻokomo pono ʻia i loko o kahi waihona ʻokoʻa i ka ʻōnaehana LNG e hoʻomohala mau nei, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikehu o ka ʻaila i kēlā me kēia huina a hauʻoli i nā pōmaikaʻi o kahi pūnaewele hoʻopiha piha honua.

Papa Hoʻohālikelike

Ka hopena

I ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu maʻemaʻe, ʻo LNG a me CNG nā hopena maikaʻi like ʻole ma mua o nā huahana hoʻokūkū. No nā lōʻihi lōʻihi, ka halihali koʻikoʻi, kahi e hāʻawi ai ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o kona ikehu i ka laulā kūpono, ʻo LNG ke koho maikaʻi loa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo CNG kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻike kaiapuni no nā ʻoihana a me nā kūlanakauhale me nā kaʻa māmā e pono e hele ma kahi palena palena. Pono nā wahie ʻelua no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu, ka ʻoki ʻana i ke kalapona, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kumukūʻai wahie ma nā mākeke ulu e like me Nigeria. Pono e mālama pono ʻia nā ʻano kaʻa kikoʻī, ke ʻano hana, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lawelawe kūloko i ke koho ʻana ma waena o lākou.